HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK

United States

• A coordinated move among leading central banks to provide short-term U.S. dollar funding in Europe helped instill confidence, and contributed to a solid rally in equity markets this week.

• Yet worries about the economy have not changed, so markets will be carefully tuned into the Fed’s policy meeting next week.

• This should prove a most interesting meeting indeed, as the ongoing divergence of opinions at the Fed come to the fore. Proponents of more stimulus will point to a weak economy and sluggish job growth, meanwhile the hawks will point to the ongoing rise in inflation.

Canada

• Stricter mortgage insurance rules have taken some steam out of the Canadian housing market. Home sales fell 0.5% in August, a fifth contraction in the past seven months, while home price pressures eased. However, the impact has not been overly dramatic and the level of housing activity remains healthy.

• Shaky consumer confidence will likely weigh on the housing market in the near term. However, a continued low interest rate environment will likely help support a modest pick up in housing demand in early 2012.

• The key implication of a lower-for-longer interest rate environment, and the resulting elevated level of housing demand is that the Canadian household debt-to-income ratio is likely to rise further.

Courtesy of TD

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BoC holds key rate at 1 percent

* Cites Europe, U.S. woes as backdrop for policy shift

* Sees Canadian growth resuming in second half of year

* Says inflation pressures dampened

* Cdn dollar gains, markets pare rate cut expectations (Adds details)

By Louise Egan and Randall Palmer

OTTAWA, Sept 7 (Reuters) - In a dramatic policy shift, the Bank of Canada said on Wednesday it saw less need to raise interest rates, becoming the latest major central bank to take a more cautious stance about the worsening global economy.

The bank held its overnight rate unchanged at 1 percent, where it has been for the past year, and took its previous talk of a rate hike off the table.

"In light of slowing global economic momentum and heightened financial uncertainty, the need to withdraw monetary policy stimulus has diminished," the central bank said in a statement.

In its July interest rate announcement, the bank said stimulus "will be withdrawn" provided the economy kept growing, leading markets to expect a rate hike later this year.

That forecast looks outdated now, given the European debt crisis, slowing U.S. growth and volatile markets.

Investors were not surprised by the more dovish tone, although many had expected a sharper policy reversal. Most economists still expect the next move in rates to be up rather than down, but it could be a year or more before that happens, and the bank's cautious language left the door open to an eventual move in either direction.

Goldman Sachs this week became the first major financial institution to forecast a Canadian rate cut later this year.

"There is really not much hint that the bank is considering cutting rates, but at the same time, they've pretty much put rate hikes firmly on the shelf," said Doug Porter, deputy chief economist at BMO Capital Markets.

Courtesy of Reuters

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HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WEEK

United States

• It was a particularly turbulent week for financial markets. On Monday, the S&P 500 was down 6.6%, but is poised to end to week only 1.5% lower.

• In an attempt to shore up confidence in the economy, the Fed replaced its promise to keep rates low for an extended period with a conditional commitment to leave interest rates unchanged through mid-2013.

• Retail sales and initial jobless claims were both stronger than expected and point to a modest acceleration in Q3 growth.

Canada

• Global financial markets were put through the wringer this week – there were some up rallies, but mostly lows. The S&P/TSX composite index remains down so far in August.

• The apparent crisis of confidence that permeated markets came from all angles: (1) the ramifications of Standard and Poor’s downgrade of the U.S. government; (2) lingering concerns about the debt crisis in Europe and whether big players like France will be swept up in the fiscal troubles plaguing the continent; and (3) disappointing international trade numbers which have raised the risk of a Canadian economic contraction in Q2.

• In this environment, the Bank of Canada (BoC) is put in a difficult position. With the Fed on hold until mid-2013, the BoC is likely unable to raise rates by more than one percentage point over the next two years.

Courtesy of TD

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Bank says it will raise rates if economy continues to expand as expected

By Julian Beltrame, The Canadian Press

OTTAWA — The Bank of Canada has signaled that interest rates will likely rise later this year, as long as the still-fragile economic recovery continues to build.

For the sixth straight announcement date the central bank on Tuesday delayed the tightening regime it had begun almost a year ago to the day and kept its trendsetting policy interest rate at one per cent. But in an accompanying statement, the bank did alter its advisory on future action, indicating it will start moving rates closer to their normal levels if the recovery continues on track.

"To the extent that the expansion continues and the current material excess supply in the economy is gradually absorbed, some of the considerable monetary policy stimulus currently in place will be eventually withdrawn," it said.

"Such reduction would need to be carefully considered."

It's the first time the bank has signalled in an interest rate announcement that it will eventually have to raise rates, although governor Mark Carney has been warning Canadians in speeches and news conferences that higher rates are coming for more than a year.

Financial markets appeared to react to the new language — the loonie jumped nearly a cent to 103.28 cents US following release of the statement at 9 a.m.

But analysts also said nothing was carved in stone.

The bank's ambiguous phrasing in adding "carefully considered" to its signal of monetary tightening, said CIBC chief economist Avery Shenfeld, puts the odds of a move in July at less than 50 per cent. He predicted the bank will begin tightening in September — about where most economists were prior to the announcement — with the overnight rate being raised to 1.75 per cent by the end of the year.

Another analyst, Scotiabank's Derek Holt, said he was sticking to his prediction of an October restart date but recognized that Carney would feel the need to signal that ultra-low rates would not be around forever.

The markets were starting to think that the Bank of Canada had already given up on this year for moving rates north, and Carney wanted to disabuse investors of the notion, Holt said.

"In the last few weeks we'd seen markets move toward taking out any expected Bank of Canada moves at all this year and I think the bank was getting a little uncomfortable with that."

Holt said the bank seems to be as uncertain about how the recovery will unfold as is most of the world. Policy-makers, including Carney, have of late taken to setting off warning flares about rising risks to the world economy, although the tone in the bank's statement was less alarmist this time.

The bank statement Tuesday appeared to take a slightly darker view of the modest nature of the U.S. recovery and the European debt crisis than it did in April, while repeating its concerns about Japan's dual natural and nuclear disasters

But it continued to say that the global recovery is proceeding broadly as outlined in its last policy review, and so is Canada's. While supply chain disruptions emanating from Japan will cause Canada's second-quarter growth to fall sharply, the negative impacts will be short-lived.

"Although temporary supply chain disruptions are expected to restrain growth sharply in the current quarter, this is expected to be unwound in subsequent quarters," the bank reasoned.

As well, Carney remains convinced that inflation pressures caused by high commodity prices are a temporary phenomenon, at least in Canada.

"The bank expects that high energy prices and changes in provincial indirect taxes will keep total CPI inflation above three per cent in the short term," it says. "Total CPI inflation is expected to converge with core inflation at two per cent by the middle of 2012 as excess supply in the economy is gradually absorbed, labour compensation growth stays modest, productivity recovers and inflation expectations remain well-anchored."

The risk to higher inflation is that household borrowing grows, given low rates, but on the other hand, the bank says, the strong Canadian dollar should keep prices of imports in check.

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CIBC World Markets Inc. trims forecast for rate hikes and currency strength in Canada as economic growth outlook dampens abroad

TORONTO, Aug. 18 /CNW/ - Continuing weakness in the U.S. economy may force the Bank of Canada to put interest rate hikes on hold after September, notes a new report from CIBC World Markets Inc.

"North America's story is again darkening," says CIBC's Chief economist in the latest Global Positioning Strategy report. "We were looking for a material second-half slowdown for the U.S. but as it turns out, it's already happened."

Economic growth stateside from April to June is being revised downward, Mr. Shenfeld notes, and key indicators are pointing to growth that will be slower than anticipated by U.S. monetary policy makers.

And still ahead is a "further fiscal belt tightening in 2011 that will have to be softened, and accompanied by quantitative easing, if the U.S. is to stay out of recession in early 2011 and get back to potential growth by the end of that year.

"Forget about any rates hikes from the U.S. Federal Reserve until sometime in 2012 at the earliest."

While Canada is in much better economic shape - it leads the U.S., Eurozone, U.K. and Japan in first-half growth and has a record gap over the U.S. in the share of working age population holding a job - it "cannot move all the way to normalized interest rates while the U.S. Federal Reserve is still on hold," Mr. Shenfeld contends.

For starters, an interest rate differential of 300-400 basis points would take the loonie "substantially stronger" creating additional headwinds for Canadian economic growth, says Mr. Shenfeld.

Furthermore, the "external environment will be one of less-than-normal growth as fiscal tightening bites in Europe and the U.S., and with our own upcoming fiscal tightening also hitting domestic demand, monetary policy might have to be set at stimulative levels to allow the economy to return to potential and remain there. To keep moving at all, you have to step on the gas if your car is trying to roll up a steep incline."

Mr. Shenfeld doubts that the Bank of Canada "has been shocked enough to forestall a rate hike in September" but his forecast that Canadian growth in Q2 and Q3 will fall below the BoC's outlook will likely warrant a rethinking in the October Monetary Policy Report and in the months to follow.

The report also notes that there are limits to how far the Bank of Canada can diverge from the U.S. Federal Reserve without later regretting it. Episodes in recent years in which rate overnight rates were 2 per cent or more above those stateside resulted in sagging or sacrificed growth. These are "lessons learned, we hope," says Mr. Shenfeld.

"Since a hike at every rate setting date through 2011 would take rates substantially higher than 2%, a pause is coming on the road to tightening."

As a result of the dampened external growth outlook, Mr. Shenfeld has trimmed his call for rate hikes. He sees Canadian overnight rates going no higher than 2% next year as the U.S. Federal Reserve stays on hold.

A less hawkish monetary policy combined with a mixed outlook for commodity prices affected by slow global growth will also likely see the Canadian dollar roughly two cents weaker than earlier forecast over the same horizon, adds Mr. Shenfeld.

The complete CIBC World Markets report is available at: http://research.cibcwm.com/economic_public/download/gps_aug10.pdf

Lawlessbrown.com

Bank of Canada interest rate unlikely to top 1% this year

John Shmuel July 23, 2010 – 11:16 am

Slower than expected economic growth in the U.S. is set to hamper Canadian exports, meaning the Bank of Canada’s interest rate is unlikely to rise beyond 1% by the end of the year, says a research note from Lombard Street Research.

The bank raised interest rates by 25 basis points earlier this week to 0.75%, in a move that was widely expected. The note, authored by analyst Michael Taylor, points out that the bank adopted a very cautious stance in regard to the Canadian economy going forward.

But Lombard Street Research said it expects lower growth than even the Bank of Canada’s revised figures. That leads Taylor to suggest that interest rate hikes from the bank are likely going to be hold on for much of next year.

"We would agree with a domestic slowdown, due to the expiry of temporary policy measures as well as the effects of higher interest rates on a highly indebted household sector. But the Bank has a rather optimistic view on US real GDP growth, which is expected to be around 3% both this year and next. Healthy growth in the US, combined with the recent fall in the Canadian dollar, has resulted in an increase in projected export growth for 2010 and 2011. Our view is that US growth will be below-trend over the next 18 months or so, restricting the scope for Canadian exports to grow strongly (three quarters of which go to the US)."

That leads Taylor to conclude that although a rate rise is likely at the next bank of Canada monetary policy meeting in September, he expects rates to be on hold thereafter for quite some time.

Read more: http://business.financialpost.com/2010/07/23/bank-of-canada-interest-rate-unlikely-to-top-1-this-year-report/?utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter#ixzz0uWj05DPa


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Managing debt while rates grow

Terry McBride , For Canwest News Service SASKATOON -- Canadians have taken advantage of extremely low interest rates to overextend themselves. The Bank of Canada wants to try to prevent inflation by raising interest rates to slow the economy down. How will debtors manage?

Inflation vs. deflation

Actually, debtors generally prefer inflation (when prices go up) because that can make it easier to repay a debt, which is a fixed dollar amount owing. Loan payments become more affordable when wages keep up with inflation.

Debtors usually fear deflation (when prices go down) because it becomes more difficult to repay an obligation when the fixed number of dollars can buy more. Deflation is already a major concern these days in Europe where some governments are raising taxes and cutting back on spending to tackle mushrooming public debts. Businesses there may be forced to cut prices and workers’ wages to cope with the economic slowdown.

Debtors fear deflation. How can they handle debt payments after their wages are cut or they lose their jobs? Serious household debt management issues arise.

Mortgage term

If your mortgage is coming up for renewal, how do you choose the best mortgage term? If you have had a variable or floating rate of interest tied to the prime rate, should you take the safe route and lock in a fixed, usually considerably higher, interest rate for five years?

If your mortgage payments rise, then you will have to look at various ways to manage other debts.

Consolidate

One popular debt management strategy is to combine various loans into your mortgage or a line of credit. Consolidation can eliminate high-interest credit card debt. Free up some cash flow by reducing your interest costs.

Talk to a professional debt counsellor. Can you have a single monthly payment? You could continue to make the same level of payments on your consolidated loan as you did before consolidation. Aim to reduce your principal owing and cut interest costs.

Amortization

Knowing how amortization works will help you to understand how to properly manage your debts. Amortization is how long you are scheduled to repay an instalment loan.

If interest rates rise, consider stretching the repayment period on an instalment loan to reduce the size of your monthly payments. Making your payments smaller seems very attractive at first. However, by making payments over a longer time period you will eventually pay much more interest in the long run.

Debt snowball

Here is a strategy for cutting down your overall debt level:

Make a list of your debts. Add up how much you pay on each loan.

Pick the smallest debt to tackle first. Pay the minimum on all debts except for your target debt. Pay whatever is left on your target debt until it is paid off. Then, continue with the debt snowball strategy by choosing the next debt on the list as your target debt. Pay it off.

Borrow wisely

The next time you have to borrow, avoid buying something that drops in value. The only time you should buy something using debt is if it is something that will appreciate in value or generate additional cash flow for you.

As a general rule, if you are buying something with borrowed money, make sure that what you buy lasts longer than the debt. Don’t add to your debt burden by going on a vacation financed by credit cards.

Emergency fund

Do you have to borrow when you have an emergency? Instead you should build an emergency fund with cash held in reserve. You could use a Tax-Free Savings Account, the cash surrender value of a whole life policy or a Canada Savings Bond payroll savings plan, for example. Having cash available to pay for an emergency will give you greater financial security than an untapped line of credit.

Terry McBride is a member of Advocis (The Financial Advisors Association of Canada)

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